Lighting for photograph in color and black and white



April 11, 1967 w. F. SINN ETAL 3,313,206

LIGHTING FOR PHOTOGRAPH IN COLOR AND BLACK AND WHITE 2 Sheets$heet 1 Filed Jan. 31, 1964 PROJECTOR w a alwwo 4 w a 3 N m N m R EL 5 1 MW m u x X2 W 2 ,c N w/M s 0 J J c m DJ u E w j 4 H 1111?? 1 3 a LL1 um. .HL 3 u I I 7 mm filLm r m lllll |lL r, i G y Y r y E W M q :m W H B E A CW A n .T. 0; 0w 3 m M F r 0 a 0 v 6 v f N O U--I .HH L M? Ar: 1;? E F XIII W. i B 2 G 1T; H 2 Till |l PW P 4 EL 3 3 .3- l I? I 1 FW. PM? T H W m d! III fig @IILI? Hlfll F TE?) QB. O F 9N o ll. f H H H .i as G H W 2 $1 a H H w Mai -K 0H c a Q T 2 3 H M NQIIIIL m W, 0 F F H v a m a, /2

W. F. SINN ETAL April 11, 1967 I LIGHTING FOR PHOTOGRAPH IN CO LOR AND BLACK AND WHITE Filed Jan. 31, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 :MASTER .JPOWER SWITCH CTL POWER PHOTO -CELL MODE L PROJ. gmlg: SELECTOR 5 W3 SW 2 POWER 1N VEN TQR United States Patent O 3,313,206 LIGHTING FOR PHOTOGRAPH IN COLOR AND BLACK AND WHITE Wflter F. Sinn, 6121 Linden St, Ridgewood, N.Y.

11227, and Robert Shively, Continental Village, Peeksldll, N.Y. 10566 Filed Jan. 31, 1964, Ser. No. 341,700 Claims. (Cl. 88-24) This invention relates to substantially automatic means for controlling and adapting the Osram high pressure xenon arc lamp, and the Zeiss lkon arc projector therefor, particularly for use in a rear projection system used in photograph lighting with an exceedingly short boost of light output upwards of X, that of the normal rated intensity, for about 100 milliseconds, and with such synchronization and control as to safeguard against mal-operation of the lamp and units of the system leading to the lamp.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying rawings, in which FIGURE 1 is a schematic view indicating that FIG- URE 2 precedes and is connected to FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic wiring diagram of the projector-lamp circuit together with power supply units and then connections for a master control sychronizer;

FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic wiring diagram of the master control synchronizer and its connection for the power supply assembly and lamp.

THE PROJECTOR WITH ITS LAMP The projector is supplied with 220 volt 60 cycle current from the master control synchronizer via contact board P3, FIG. 2. This is applied to terminals 1 and 3, with terminal 12 being the grounding wire.

M1 is a cooling blower which is activated through fuse SL. Cooling blower M2 runs continually with no control circuit but is fused by SL.

A running time hour meter TZ provides the operator an index for preventive maintenance schedule.

Automatic ignition pulsing is achieved by part 33. This receives supply voltage through thermo overload reset switch TK and fuse SZ. This circuit is fed to ignition control circuitry of the master control synchronizer, FIG. 3, through terminals 8 and 9, contact board P3.

The ignition pulsing device 33 is used for starting or igniting tube only. Aft-er ionization has been achieved, this circuitry has no function. During ignition pulsing an extremely high voltage (minimum 40 kv.) is applied to xenon tube causing gas to become conductive, thus causing its normal brilliant light.

The output from rectifier power supply is applied at terminals labeled v. Average current consumption is 50-70 amps at a load voltage of 25 V. DC.

The units of the Basic Power Supply, and of the Master Control Synchronizer, indicated in the drawings and now to be described, may in practice be incorporated in a control panel located on the projector stand or pedestal, and these units include booster and safety switches, a master control switch of the thermal-magnetic type to trip one second after overload to protect all components, also fans, blowers, booster, ignition and power supply units, etc.

THE BASIC POWER SUPPLY We will first generally describe the power supply. The area of the schematic drawing, FIGURE 2, below the projector and lamp, represents basic direct current power supply for powering the projector, i.e. the Zeiss Ikon H.D. slide projector. It incorporates the use of H.D. A.C. chokes to limit output current to desired level under load. The rectifier and filter system is commonly referred to as a choke-condenser output. The normal output of this power supply underload is 70 amps at 25 V. DC. However, by shorting of the A.C. choke by RL7 (which is a Leach 200 amp 24 V. DC, contactor), located in Master Control Synchronizer, FIG. 3, an output of nearly 400 amps for momentary durations are realized. Additional output under the same conditions will result by shorting of the DC. filter choke by PA1316 (which is a Leach D.C. choke jumper, 24 v, D.C.200 amp). This is controlled by the control relay PA1317 (Potter Brumfield 115 A.C. DIDT), whose coil is connected in parallel with A.C. chokes. The measured voltage applied is approximately 110 v. A.C. Upon shorting of the A.C. choke by RL7 contactor, the voltage drops to 0 volts, allowing the control relay PA1317, to drop out. On drop out, contacts close and energizes coil circuit of PA1316 H.D. 200 amp choke jumper-contactor which in turn shorts the DC filter choke.

A thermo overload cutout unit PA1322 interrupts the 24 V. DC. choke jumper, PA1316 circuit, if power supply is operated with no load. This protects coil of said choke jumper from the high open circuit voltage of about 95 V. DC.

The arc suppressor unit PA1309 (International Rectifier Co.), across contacts of the control relay PA1317, prevents excessive arcing caused by the inductive kicks of the coil of choke jumper PA1316.

The other set of contacts provides energy to the 24 V. DC. impulse counter (Bowin) PA1319.

A medium power A.C. starting contactor PA1310 (Guardian Co.), which is activated by the Projector Power Switch Assembly SW2, FIG. 3, on the control panel, provides remote control switching of power supply in regard to on and off functions.

THE MASTER CONTROL SYNCHRONIZER We will now generally describe the Master Control Synchronizer, or MCS as it shall occasionally be referred to hereafter. It is an electronic switching and control device designed expressly for the purpose of controlling and adapting the Zeiss Ikon heavy duty slide projector, employing the Xenon tube, for use as an integral part of a rear projection system that is synchronized with electronic flash commonly used in photographic set lighting systems.

The MCS provides synchronizing of camera shutter,

electronic flash and power boosting of projector lamp.

Heretofore, boosting of the Osram high pressure xenon arc lamp used in the heavy duty slide projectors has not been accomplished, because this tube was designed for replacement of the carbon arc and for a continuous steady light output. Application of this system in photography required an increased light output of some 20X that of the normal rated intensity, for a period of about milliseconds. This has been achieved by the present invention through shorting the current-limiting chokes in the power supply, thus providing a tremendous increase of current to the tube, virtually causing the tube to flash at high intensity. This difiers from present flash systems, in that xenon flash tubes are normally unlit and flash only upon ionization. The Osram xenon tube, however, requires a continuous, well-filtered, direct current from which it provides a continuous light output. The superimposing of a higher current to this tube would normally reduce its life. However, by means of the present invention, which enables a high intensity flash in a controlled short boost, the life of the tube is satisfactory, and a very desirable further result is secured in that a continuous low intensity light is available for modeling or viewing light while the high intensity flash may be used for photographing.

The main switch (SW1) on top center of a suitable panel is of the thermo-magnetic breaker type. This serves a dual function. The magnetic portion will cause an interruption of current within 8 milliseconds on a direct short. The capacity of this switch has been carefully selected as of the type of Cutler-Hammer switch CH 240, to provide an overload (thermo) dropout in case all other safety factors should fail. This dropout would occur after 0.5 second operation at the boosted current.

Moving of the main switch SW1 to on position will illuminate the off portion of the projector power switch SW2, illuminate auto indicating automatic ignition on the mode selector, Micro Switch assembly SW3, illuminate on portion of booster control power switch assembly SW5, and illuminate the entire booster test switch assembly SW5. The cooling blowers in power supply and projector will also be started.

In this mode, all functions are automatic. The pressing of the projector power switch button, p of SW2, extinguishes the red off section and illuminates the green on section. This will turn on power supply through the A.C. power contactor PA1310 (Guardian) in the rectifier housing and automatically ignite the tube for normal intensity operation. The projector power switch is magnetically held in this position until a disruption of power (such as switching of main breaker or loose cable, etc.) releases it. This prevents starting or restarting of the projector unless all systems are operating safely.

The mode selector switch button 11 of SW3 provides, by depressing before depressing the power switch, a manual method of igniting the Osram tube. By pressing the mode selector switch button p, the auto indicator will extinguish and manual portion will be illuminated, also the ignition switch light will be illuminated at 47. Projector power is then turned on at SW2 and tube ignition is accomplished by pressing the button p of switch assembly SW4.

To overcome damage to the automatic ignition system within the projector the ignition switch is equipped with a timing device (SW4) (RL6) and (C7) which allows just eight pulses of the automatic system. Each switch of the mode selector, Ignition, Booster Control Power, and Booster Control Test assemblies, is a Micro Switch. The booster control switches are self explanatory in that left hand switch (SW) allows boost circuit to be turned off and the right hand boost test (SW6) provides a manual method to test firing.

Upon turning off power, all switches will return to their normal functions.

SCHEMATIC ANALYSIS The following is a schematic analysis of the joint assemblies:

220 v. A.C. 60-cycle electrical power is brought into the unit through power input plug P2 (Hubbell), from which it goes to the main breaker switch or rectifier control SW1. Closing of this switch feeds power to rectifiers and projector through contact switch boards P1 and P3. This provides power for the high and low voltage sources in the MCS through F1 amp fuse, R5 trim rheostat and to transformers T1 and T2. Transformer T1 provides 25.2 volts to SR3-6 bridge rectifiers and C2 and C3 filter condensers. The combination of components T1, SR3-6 and C2 and C3 provides a D.C. output trimmed by rheostat R5 to 24 v. D.C. under load. This is a calibration voltage in relation to the timing cycle and must be adjusted as such. The 24 v. D.C. also is used for illumination of panel lights and activating of relay coils.

The combination of transformer T2, and elements SR1, SR2, C4 and C5 provides 340 v. D.C. to thyratron GT1 for firing of relay RL1. The necessity of this stems from the objective that requires the unit to cycle upon shorting of terminals 1 and 3 of P6, but not to recycle until short is opened and reapplied a minimum of five seconds later.

Components R1, R3, R4, C1 and C8 control biasing and firing of thyratron. A resistance less than 100 K. ohms applied across R4, will cause C8 to fire GT1 and a momentary pulse to the coil of RL1. This in turn closes contacts of RL1 and energizes coil of RL2. RL2 is sustained through its own contacts When RL2 is energized, the continuity of the coil circuit of RL3 is broken, but sustained for a predictable amount of time through the charge in C6. However, when dropout occurs at approximately milliseconds this breaks sustainer circuit of RL2 which returns to original state, also re-energizes coil and condenser of RL3, thus representing a complete timed cycle independent of external conditions.

Activation of RL4, RL5 and RL7 is dependent upon this differential of making of circuit by RL2 and breaking of same circuit by RL3.

The function of RL4 is to provide an interruption of circuit to RLS and RL7 upon a malfunction of the timing relays (RL2 and RL3). It is a thermo operated device to break circuit in 6000 milliseconds. RLS provides synchronizing to external pins 1 and 2 of P4 for use with existing photographic strobe equipment.

RL6 as explained previously is part of timer circuit of the automatic ignition system.

RL7 is a 200 amp H.D. contactor which shorts A.C. chokes in rectifier power supply.

Jack P5 on a suitable control panel, provides for the operation of unit by means of photo cell type 934 if so desired.

P6 located on said panel provides a means of attaching unit to camera shutter contacts or other synchronizing methods.

THE CONTROL CIRCUITING The control circuiting, including the protection, will now be more particularly described.

Power is led into the system between phases of the A.C. supply at terminals B and W at P2, FIG. 3. Voltage of 220 v. is made available on lines 12, 13 by closing the master switch SW1.

The current passes via wire 12 and terminal 1 of panel contact board P3, FIG. 2, to the projector cooling blowers M1 and M2, FIG. 2, and current passes via wire 12 and terminal B of contact board P1, to the 25 v. D.C. powersupply cooling blower M3. From the master power switch wire 13, fuse F1, and rheostat R5 lead to transformers T1 and T2, FIG. 3.

The transformers are of the following types:

Primary 117 V. AC Stancor P-6469. Secondary 25.2 v. A.C. 1.0 amp. Stancor. T2:

Primary 117 V. AC Stancor Secondary v. A.C. .015 amp. Stancor. 6.3 v. A.C. CD .6 amp Stan-cor.

The output supplied to rectifier SR3-6 is 25.2 volts. The adjustment of rheostat R5 is critical as it fixes the timing cycle to be described. The D.C. output of SR3-6 leaves at point 25, goes through relays and lamps to be described and returns to point 26. 24 volts appears terminals 5 and 7 of contact boards P7-P8.

The area of FIG. 3 at and below contact boards P7 and P3 may be considered as controls SW4, SW3, SW2 and SW5, the buttons being indicated at 121.

Under ordinary ignition of the projector, wires 29, 30 would be one wire instead of being connected to terminals 8, 9 of contact board P3, FIG. 2. Then current, via wire 13, terminal 3 of contact board P3, thermal overload reset igniting switch 32 and wire 30-29, would be available at terminals 1, 2 of ignition pulser 33. However, in this invention, control has been inserted between wires 29 and 30. Thus when the master power switch SW1 is closed, lamps 34, 35, 36 and 37, of push button controls SW3, SW2, SW5 and SW6, are turned on. This is obvious from the DC. voltage at terminals 5 and 7 of connecting contact board P7-P8.

If the push button p of SW2, the projector power switch assembly, is pressed, illumination is transferred from 35 to 39. Projector power stays on. At the same moment, 25 v. D.C. is made available for operation of the projector. Current from wire 12 passes, via termianl 3 of contact board P7-P3, the contact in 38, terminal 11 of P7-P8, terminal A of contact board P1, then coil of relay PA1310, then terminal E of P1 and back to wire 13. Current from wire 12 flows via terminal B of contact board P1, FIG. 2, contact 40 in PA1310, A.C. chokes 41, primary of transformer T1, contact in PA1310, terminal E of terminal block P1, and back to wire 13, makes available 25 V. DC. at wires 43 and 44. This provides current to terminals and of ignition pulser 33, and lamp 34 is illuminated at normal intensity.

Mode selector switch SW3 indicates automatic operation, as described, because terminals 8 and 9 of contact board P1 are jumped by the contacts on P3. Pressing the switch p on the mode selector SW3, puts the control on manual operation. Illumination is transferred from lamp 34 to 46, and lamp 47 is turned on.

It is readily seen that relay RL6, FIG. 3, is energized when the master power switch SW1 is closed. The current flows at terminals 5, 7 of P7 and P8, through the coil of RL6. Now, when the switch button of the ignition switch SW4 is pressed, current passes via wire 30, terminal 9 of P3, contact of RL6 terminal of P7-P8, contact 50 of SW4, contact 51 of SW3, terminal 9 of P7-P9, and terminal 8 of P3 to wire 29 and ignition takes place.

At the moment that the switch button of SW4 is pressed, the coil of RL6 is de-energized because contact 52 of SW4 is opened. However, the ignition relay RL6 holds, because of the capacitor 53, allowing 8 pulses of ignition system before dropout occurs.

When difficulty is encountered in initially igniting tube for continuous operation, a pulsating effect takes place immediately upon turning on the power. This is caused by the filter capacitors which are still charging and robbing the tube of the voltage necessary for continuous operation. When ionization occurs this causes a discharge of the capacitor, causing the tube to flash; but since the capacitor has not been fully charged with x number of coulombs, ionization is not maintained, allowing the tube to return to its normal nonconducting state for a repeat performance. Ionization is not maintained until the heat from repeated fiashings lower the requirements for complete ionization. In the present invention the mode-selector switch gives opportunity to the operator to correct this by turning on the power supply and then activating igniion firing. By pressing the mode selector switch button, the auto indicator will extinguish and manual position be illuminated, also the ignition switch will be illuminated. Projector power is then turned on and ionization accomplished by pressing the ignition switch.

Turning to the tripper circuitry, the network wiring at 28 between transformer T2 and gas discharge tube GT1, is designed to make 340 v. D.C. available for firing GT1, provided that the total resistance across resistance R4 falls below 0.1 megohm. Plug P6 is connected to a camera shutter synchronizer. Tripping the shutter is employed to short the terminal on P6 which bridges the contact on push button on SW6. This puts resistance R2 in parallel with resistance R4 and tube GT1. Firing of GT1 energizes relay RL1 because current passes from the plate of GT1 via contact board P7-P8, contact 60 on push button switch SW5, contact 12 of contact board P7-P8, and coil of relay RL1 back to the wiring network 28 associated with tube GT1.

Relay RL1 energizes relay RL2 because the contact on RL1 completes a passage for current through the coil of RL2 from terminals 5 and 7 of contact board P7-P8. At this point relay RL3, which had been energized all the time from terminals 5 and 7 of contact board P7-P8, is

now de-energized by the opening of contact 64 on relay RL2. Relay RL3 does not immediately drop out due to the charge on capacitor C6. This determines the timing cycle for the superimposed illumination voltage of the invention.

At drop out of the relay RL3, relay RL2 drops out and relay RL3 returns to its normally energized state. Activation of relays RL4, RL5, and RL7, is dependent upon this differential of making of circuit by relay RL2, and breaking of same circuit by relay RL3. The function of relay RL4 is to provide an interruption of circuit to relays RLS and RL7 upon a malfunction of the timing relays RL2 and RL3. It is a thermo operated device to break circuit in 600 milliseconds. Relay RLS provides synchronizing to external pins 1 and 2 of P4, for use with existing photographic strobe equipment.

The normal output of this power supply underload is 50-70 amps at 25 V. DC. However, as hereinbefore stated, by shorting of the AC. choke by RL7, an output of nearly 400 amps for the momentary duration is realized. Osram xenon constant burning high pressure lamps are of varied D.C. operation requirements as to supply voltage and operating current. The XBO 2500 w. lamp designated in the embodiment of the invention shown and described, is but one of the Osram xenon lamps operable for use in the invention, and it will be understood that when it is desired that another type of lamp be used with a difference in supply voltage and operating current, the current controls will be modified accordingly. It will also be understood that various modifications may be made in the form and arrangement of the elements constituting the embodiment shown, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Nora-For reference as to specific type and construction of elements shown in the drawings and described in the specification, the following is a reference to reference numbers in the drawings, designation of part, source and type (usually designated by manfacturers number) thereof:

PA1310-A.C. starting contractor, Guardian, 2210 DPST-No-230 A.C.; PA1322-safety cutout, thermal delay, Amperite, 50C2.

Condensers C10l mfd. 600 v. D.C., Centralab DD-l0'3; C2- 1000 mfd. 50 v. D.C., Cornell Dubilier RBl000-50; C3 1000 mfd. 50 V. D.C., Cornell Dubilier BRl000-50; C412 mfd. 250 v. D.C., Cornell Dubilier BBR-l2-250; C5l2 mfd. 250 v. D.C., Cornell Dubilier BBR-l2-250; C5-150 mfd. v. D.C., Mallory FP-1l7.5; C7l50 mfd. 150 v. D.C., Mallory FTP-117.5; C8-4 mfd. 350 V. D.C., Cornell Dubilier BR-4-350.

Plugs and sockets P1-rectifier control, Amphenol MS-3l02A- and with socket 28-105; P2-power input, Hubbell 3337; P3 projector control, Cinch Jones S-312-AB.

Jacks P4strobe sync. jack, Amphenol 91-855; P5phototube jack, Amphenol 91-856; P6camera sync. jack, Amphenol 91-859.

Resistors R12.2M 1 watt; RZ-IOOK /2 watt; R3.82M 1 Watt; R43.3M 1 watt; R5rheostat 750 ohms 50 watt Ohmite 0324.

Relays RL1%PDT 24 v. D.C., Potter Brumfield SMSDS; RL2DPDT 24 v. D.C., Potter Brumfield KRP 11D; RL3-DPDT 24 v. D.C., Potter Brumfield KRP 11D; RL4thermo delay, Amperite 12C2T; RL5SPDT 24 v. D.C., Potter Brumfield SMSDS; RLS-SPDT 24 v. D.C., Potter Brumfield SMSDS; RL7contactor 200 amp 24 v. D.C., Leach 7220-633.

Rectifiers SR3--silicon rectifier IN1081, Sarkes Tarzian 10M; SR4-silicon rectifier IN1081, Sarkes Tarzian 10M; SR5 silicon rectifier INl081, Sarkes Tarzian M; SR6-silicon rectifier, INlOSl, Sarkes Tarzian 10M; SR1silicon rectifier, International Rectifier IN2069A; SR2silicon rectifier, International Rectifier IN2069A.

Switches SW2Projector Power Switch Assembly:

Operator (1), Micro Switch 2C27 Barriers (2), Micro Switch 2B1 Switch (1), Micro Switch 2D2 Screen (1), Microswitch 2A53 Bulbs (4), General Electric 334 SW3Mode Selector Switch Assembly:

Operator (1), Micro Switch 2C27 Barriers (2), Micro Switch 2B1 Switch (1), Micro Switch 2D2 Screen (1), Micro Switch 2A56 Bulbs (4), General Electric 334 SW4-Ignition Switch Assembly:

Switch/ operator, Micro Switch 52PB54-T2 Button, Micro Switch 52PA8-Y2 Bulb, General Electric 327 Having described our invention, what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:

1. In constant burning single flash lighting for illuminating objects and for picture-transparency projection in photography, in combination with a projector, exemplified by the Zeiss Ikon heavy duty, said projector having an optical system consisting of a housing with a DC. constant-burning high pressure xenon-filled, short arc, non-filament and non-flash D.C. lamp of the Osram xenon type, a reflector for said lamp and condenser means for the lamp beam, whereby the beam is projected from the housing, and forwardly of said projector and in line therewith a member detachable from the housing and having a transparency-receiving frame and beam condenser means preceding the same, an electrical circuit with an A.C. input in which said lamp is connected, transformer and rectifier means in said circuit adapted to convert the A.C. current to DC. with a substantially lower voltage, line means leading said DC. current to the lamp and projector elements in accordance with the lamp required voltage and amperage, A.C. choke means in the circuit preceding the transformer and rectifier means and adapted to limit the normal output current under load, means for momentarily shorting the A.C. choke means and adapted momentarily to effect production of a non-pulsating current output led to the lamp amounting to a multiple of said normal output under load and momentarily multiplying the normal output of the said constant burning lamp, a synchronizing control for the elements leading to the projector and lamp, comprising a line from the A.C. master power switch, a trim rheostat receiving current therefrom, then a transformer providing about 25.2 volts, then bridge rectifier and filter condenser means, said assembly providing a D.C. output trimmed to about 24 V. DC. under load; a second assembly of a thyratron, and transformer, rectifier, and condenser elements providing about 340 V. DC. to the thyratron, a 2.2M 1 watt resistor in the line to the thyratron, a 24 v. D.C. relay fired by the thyratron, a camera-shutter synchronizing jack fed by said relay, a booster test switch for said jack and in circuit with the thyratron, a magnetic detent booster power switch fed by said relay and in a line leading to the projector and lamp through magnetic detent switch assemblies, one for projector normal power, one for mode selector and one for ignition, a DC. input line from the output of first trim rheostattransformer-rectifier and condenser assembly feeding said three last named switches, manual operating means for each of said switches, as of the push-button type, two sets of contacts in each switch alternately closed and opened by the manual operating means, an output line running from one set of contacts of the projector power switch to the projector-lamp power supply assembly for normal operation thereof, a line running from one set of contacts of the mode selector switch to the projector-lamp assembly for normal operation thereof, a line running from the second set of contacts of the mode selector switch to the booster power circuit including the camera-shutter jack, for automatic booster action by the latter through said mode selector second set of switch contacts, when the shutter is operated.

2. In constant burning single flash lighting as set forth in claim 1, an indicator lamp for each set of contacts of the mode selector switch, projector .power switch, and booster switch, the indicator lamps for the mode selector indicating manual operation as to one lamp, and automatic operation as to the second lamp, in accordance with the closing of appropriate contacts of the mode selector switch.

3. In constant burning single flash lighting as set forth in claim 1, in which the output from the ignition switch to the projector lamp assembly line is in a line via the mode selector switch, an A.C. power contactor in the output line from the mode selector switch for automatic operation, said line leading to the DC. power supply for the projector, and an ignition pulser and a relay and condenser timing device in the ignition switch line, said device opening the switch at eight pulses of the current flow in automatic switch contact position of the mode selector.

4. In constant burning single flash lighting of a DC. lamp of the Osram Xenon type, constructed in accordance with claim 1, a source of electrical power, and a lamp contact member of an electrical circuit receiving current from said source at a voltage substantially higher than the lamp-required normal voltage, a first and a second current line in said circuit, means in said first line adapted to provide a DC. voltage normal for the lamp, a thyratron, transformer, rectifier, and condenser elements in said second line providing about 340 V. DC. to the thyratron, a booster D.C. filter choke, a choke jumper, and a resistor in the line to the thyratron, a relay control for the choke jumper fired by the thyratron, a camera-shutter synchronizing jack fed by said relay, a magnetic detent booster power switch fed by said relay and in a line leading to the lam contact receiving member through magnetic detent switch assemblies, one for projector normal power, one for mode selector and one for ignition, a DC. input from said first line feeding said three last named switches, manual operating means for each of said switches, as of the push-button type, two sets of contacts in each switch alternately closed and opened by the manual operating means, an output line running from one set of contacts of the projector power switch to the projectorlamp power supply assembly for normal operation thereof, a line running from one set of contacts of the mode selector switch to the projector-lamp assembly for normal operation thereof, a line running from the second set of contacts of the mode selector switch to the booster power part of the circuit including the relay and camera-shutter jack, for automatic booster action by the latter through said mode selector second set of switch contacts, when the shutter is operated.

5. In constant burning single flash lighting as set forth in claim 1, an indicator lamp for each set of contacts of 9 10 the mode selector switch, projector power switch, and 2,178,423 10/1939 Inman 2402 booster switch, the indicator lamps for the mode selector 2,668,485 2/ 1954 Hobbs 95-11.5 indicating manual operation as to one lamp, and auto- 2,899,880 8/1959 Graef 9511.5 matic operation as to the second lamp, in accordance with 2,917,668 12/ 1959 Witterson 315-171 the closing of appropriate contacts of the mode selector 5 3,123,738 3/1964 Oswald 315-46 switch.

JOHN M. HORAN, Primary Examiner. References Cited by the Examiner JOHN W HUCKERT Exwminer.

UNITED STATES PATENTS M. HEDLOW, Assistant Examiner. 1,939,332 12/1933 Bouwers 315-200 0 

1. IN CONSTANT BURNING SINGLE FLASH LIGHTING FOR ILLUMINATING OBJECTS AND FOR PICTURE-TRANSPARENCY PROJECTION IN PHOTOGRAPHY, IN COMBINATION WITH A PROJECTOR, EXEMPLIFIED BY THE "ZEISS IKON HEAVY DUTY," SAID PROJECTOR HAVING AN OPTICAL SYSTEM CONSISTING OF A HOUSING WITH A D.C. CONSTANT-BURNING HIGH PRESSURE XENON-FILLED, SHORT ARC, NON-FILAMENT AND NON-FLASH D.C. LAMP OF THE OSRAM XENON TYPE, A REFLECTOR FOR SAID LAMP AND CONDENSER MEANS FOR THE LAMP BEAM, WHEREBY THE BEAM IS PROJECTED FROM THE HOUSING, AND FORWARDLY OF SAID PROJECTOR AND IN LINE THEREWITH A MEMBER DETACHABLE FROM THE HOUSING AND HAVING A TRANSPARENCY-RECEIVING FRAME AND BEAM CONDENSER MEANS PRECEDING THE SAME, AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT WITH AN A.C. INPUT IN WHICH SAID LAMP IS CONNECTED, TRANSFORMER AND RECTIFIER MERANS IN SAID CIRCUIT ADAPTED TO CONVERT THE A.C. CURRENT TO D.C. WITH A SUBSTANTIALLY LOWER VOLTAGE, LINE MEANS LEADING SAID D.C. CURRENT TO THE LAMP AND PROJECTOR ELEMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAMP REQUIRED VOLTAGTE AND AMPERAGE, A.C. CHOKE MEANS IN THE CIRCUIT PRECEDING THE TRANSFORMER AND RECTIFIER MEANS AND ADAPTED TO LIMIT THE NORMAL OUTPUT CURRENT UNDER LOAD, MEANS FOR MOMENTARILY SHORTING THE A.C. CHOKE MEANS AND ADAPTED MOMENTARILY TO EFFECT PRODUCTION OF A NON-PULSATING CURRENT OUTPUT LED TO THE LAMP AMOUNTING TO A MULTIPLE OF SAID NORMAL OUTPUT UNDER LOAD AND MOMENTARILY MULTIPLYING THE NORMAL OUTPUT OF THE SAID CONSTANT BURNING LAMP, A SYNCHRONIZING CONTROL FOR THE ELEMENT LEADING TO THE PROJECTOR AND LAMP, COMPRISING A LINE FROM THE A.C. MASTER POWER SWITCH, A TRIM RHEOSTAT RECEIVING CURRENT THEREFROM, THEN A TRANSFORMER PROVIDING ABOUT 25.2 VOLTS, THEN BRIDGE RECTIFIER AND FILTER CONDENSER MEANS, SAID ASSEMBLY PROVIDING A D.C. OUTPUT TRIMMED TO ABOUT 24 V. D.C. UNDER LOAD; A SECOND ASSEMBLY OF A THYRATRON, AND TRANSFORMER, RECTIFIER, AND CONDENSER ELEMENTS PROVIDING ABOUT 340 V. D.C. TO THE THYRATRON, A 2.2M 1 WATT RESISTOR IN THE LINE TO THE THYRATRON, A 24 V. D.C. RELAY FIRED BY THE THYRATRON, A CAMERA-SHUTTER SYNCHRONIZING JACK FED BY SAID RELAY, A BOOSTER TEST SWITCH FOR SAID JACK AND IN CIRCUIT WITH THE THYRATRON, A MAGNETIC DETENT BOOSTER POWER SWITCH FED BY SAID RELAY AND IN A LINE LEADING TO THE PROJECTOR AND LAMP THROUGH MAGNETIC DETENT SWITCH ASSEMBLIES, ONE FOR PROJECTOR NORMAL POWER, ONE FOR MODE SELECTOR AND ONE FOR IGNITION, A D.C. INPUT LINE FROM THE OUTPUT OF FIRST TRIM REHOSTAT-TRANSFORMER-RECTIFIER AND CONDENSER ASSEMBLY FEEDING SAID THREE LAST NAMED SWITCHES, MANUAL OPERATING MEANS FOR EACH OF SAID SWITCHES, AS OF THE PUSH-BUTTON TYPE, TWO SETS OF CONTACTS IN EACH SWITCH ALTERNATELY CLOSED AND OPENED BY THE MANUAL OPERATING MEANS, AN OUTPUT LINE RUNNING FROM ONE SET OF CONTACTS OF THE PROJECTOR POWER SWITCH TO THE PROJECTOR-LAMP POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY FOR NORMAL OPERATION THEREOF, A LINE RUNNING FROM ONE SET OF CONTACTS OF THE MODE SELECTOR SWITCH TO THE PROJECTOR-LAMP ASSEMBLY FOR NORMAL OPERATION THEREOF, A LINE RUNNING FROM THE SECOND SET OF CONTACTS OF THE MODE SELECTOR SWITCH TO THE BOOSTER POWER CIRCUIT INCLUDING THE CAMERA-SHUTTER JACK, FOR AUTOMATIC BOOSTER ACTION BY THE LATTER THROUGH SAID MODE SELECTOR SECOND SET OF SWITCH CONTACTS, WHEN THE SHUTTER IS OPERATED. 